Master advanced legal terminology and court procedures to discuss justice and rights with confidence. Enhance your ability to analyze and debate legal issues in society, making you a more articulate and informed speaker in complex conversations.
Stories
Mshtakiwa alikabili hatia
Swahili
Mshtakiwa alisimama mahakamani, macho yake yakiwa na hofu. Aliamua kutokiri hatia, ingawa ushahidi ulikuwa mgumu. Wakili wake alisema, "Kama angekiri ukweli, angepewa adhabu nyepesi." Lakini alikiuka taratibu za sheria, na sasa kesi ilikuwa imefikia mahakama. Polisi alikuwa amekusanya ushahidi wa kutosha—shahidi mmoja alisema aliona tukio kwa macho yake. "Je, unaweza kushuhudia kuwa huyu mtu alifanya uhalifu kwa makusudi?" aliulizwa. Shahidi alijibu, "Ndio, nilimwona akikiuka kanuni."
Mahakama ilikuwa tayari kutoa uamuzi. Jurii ilipaswa kuamua: hatia au bure? Mshtakiwa alidai kwamba Hakuwa na nia ya kufanya jinai. Wakili wa utetezi alisema, "Kukiuka sheria siyo sawa na uhalifu." Lakini upande wa mashtaka ulidai kwamba alipaswa kukubaliwa kuwa na hatia.
Kabla ya uamuzi, mahakama ilimhoja tena. "Kama ulikuwa unalinda haki zako, kwa nini hukukiri makosa yako?" waliuliza. Mshtakiwa alinyamaza. Mwishowe, uamuzi umeamuliwa: hatia. Wakili wake alitaka kufanya rufaa, lakini ilikuwa late. "If only alikuwa ameelewa matokeo," mtu mmoja alisema.
Mahakama ilitoa adhabu kali. "Lazima ujifunze kutokosa tena," jaji alisema. Mshtakiwa alitaka kusema, "Ningesema kwamba nilitendewa haki?" Lakini ilikuwa imefika wakati wa kukubali hukumu. Kesi hii ilionyesha kwamba mfumo wa sheria hauwezi kupuuza ukweli.
Mtuhumiwa alikimbia mwaka
Swahili
Mtuhumiwa alikuwa amekimbia kwa mwaka mmoja kabla ya polisi kumkamata. Anatamani angeachiliwa huru, lakini ushahidi ulikuwa mkubwa. Hakimu alisema, "Kama ungekuwa mwenye hatia, ingekuwa adhabu kali." Polisi walitupilia mbali hoja zake na kusema lazima atekeleze adhabu. Kabla ya kesi, alikuwa ametekeleza nyaraka zote, lakini juri ilimhukumu. Wangependa kukubali kwake, lakini ushahidi ulikuwa wa kutosha. "Je, mashtaka yametayarishwa mapema?" aliuliza. Hakimu alijibu, "Ilikuwa bado, lakini sasa kesi itakwisha." Mtuhumiwa alitaka kuidhinisha paroli, lakini bodi haikukubali. "Kama ingekuwa nusu ya adhabu, ningekuwa huru," alisema. Polisi walisema, "Ilikuwa lazima kukamata mapema." Sasa atakuwa gerezani kwa mwaka ujao.
Mshtakiwa Alitetea Haki
Swahili
Mshtakiwa alikuwa chini ya msukosuko mkubwa. Mahakama ilikuwa kali, na Hakimu amemsomea sheria kwa makini. "Lazima ukiri kosa lako," alisema afisa. "Haukubaliki kukataa ushahidi huu." Mshtakiwa alichagua kutetea haki zake. "Sitaki kukiri," alijibu. "Ungelipa dhamana, ungekuwa huru sasa." Utetezi wake aliwasilisha habeas corpus, lakini bodi ilikataa. "Je, unafikiri sheria ni vibaya?" aliuliza. Hakimu alitoa hukumu: "Kama hutaweza kulipa, utalazimishwa kukaa gerezani." Mshtakiwa alitamani: "Ingelikuwa hivyo, ningekuwa na paroli." Afisa alisema: "Hati zako zilikataliwa. Ulikuwa na fursa ya kutekeleza sheria." Mahakama ilikuwa imetoa uamuzi wake.
Sample flashcards 20
the criminal law→kanuni ya jinai
to violate the law→kukiuka sheria
He violated the law knowingly.→Alikiuka sheria kwa makusudi.
the legal system→mfumo wa kisheria
Does the legal system protect everyone equally?→Je, mfumo wa kisheria unalinda kila mtu kwa usawa?
the court procedures→taratibu za mahakama
She hadn't understood the court procedures before the trial.→Hakuwa ameelewa taratibu za mahakama kabla ya kesi.
to file an appeal→kuwasilisha rufaa
By the time he filed an appeal, the verdict had been finalized.→Alipowasilisha rufaa, uamuzi ulikuwa tayari umeamuliwa.
the verdict→uamuzi
Had the jury reached a verdict before the recess?→Je, juri ilikuwa imefikia uamuzi kabla ya mapumziko?
to plead guilty→kukiri hatia
The defendant decided to plead guilty.→Mshtakiwa aliamua kukiri hatia.
the defendant→mshtakiwa
Would the defendant have received a lighter sentence if he had pleaded not guilty?→Je, mshtakiwa angepewa adhabu nyepesi kama asingekiri hatia?
to cross-examine→kuhoji kwa upande wa pili
The defense attorney will have cross-examined the witness by noon.→Wakili wa utetezi atakuwa amemhoja shahidi kwa upande wa pili kabla ya adhuhuri.
the witness→shahidi
The witness must have seen the crime occur.→Shahidi lazima aliona tukio la uhalifu.
to testify→kushuhudia
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